Third and fourth degree hemorrhoids generally can't be treated by normal procedures and needs a hemorrhoidectomy. This operation is used to eliminate internal hemorrhoids and in few severe cases it can be used to remove external hemorrhoids that have not been cured with the normal tablets that is given.
When under going this operation, it is essential to use anesthesia and relying on the time needed for of the operation, the patients' preference to the medication and the patients' health, there are three types of anesthesia that can be applied. The sorts of anesthesia are the following: general anesthesia, that leaves the patient fully unconscious, spinal anesthesia, that numbs the lower body and local anesthesia that is injected directly into the part that is going to be operated on.
Not eating a minimum of 12 hours before the operation averts the risk of vomiting during the operation and even in healing; this is mostly suggested by the doctors and surgeons. It is also normal to undergo various tests prior to the surgery will take place, these can include blood tests and urine tests. In extreme sever cases if the patient is extremely poorly, other tests will take place like an x-ray and aspirin to dilute the blood.
The hemorrhoidectomy will last form anything from 1 hour up to 1 and a half hours if all of the previous tests have been passed accordingly. The operation is an easy on which the patient is laid face down on the table with his legs held in straps so that the buttocks is facing up with both anus as well as rectum exposed. Once the anesthesia shows the results, the doctor will start to clamp and tie the hemorrhoid so that it will not bleed, and with a scalpel, remove the hemorrhoid.
Once the operation is over, the patient will be kept under observation until the anesthesia wears out of the body completely; the patients will then undergo another test to check if he can pass urine, this is to ensure that there is no swelling in the tissues sometimes caused by the operation. If everything is fine the patient will be sent home, but if any complication must arise, the patient will be hospitalized.
On most occasions, later effects might occur like blood in stools or bleeding when moving bowels. The doctor normally provides the patient with pain pills and numbing tablets which are used when moving bowels; this is quite common right after the surgery is completed. It is even highly recommended to take antibiotics prescribed by the doctor for avoiding any illness that might happen.
The post surgery patients should undergo a regular check up with their surgeon and even necessary care at home. So that stools pass without necessary strain it is suggested to intake a lot of fiber foods and take stool softener pills. A long bath in warm water to aid relax the anal muscles even assists ease pain and itching that can be caused by the surgery.
Each surgery has its risk factor and common side effects. Few more common than others might come in view after having a hemorrhoidectomy. The very common problems can include hematoma, constipation, bleeding and difficulties to urinate. More uncommon problems can take place at a later time and can be risky; these include bleeding extremely and hemorrhoid reappearance. It is essential to visit a doctor immediately if any of these symptoms appear.
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